Intracanal medicaments are medicines put inside a tooth to help kill bacteria and fight infection. This study compares two types of medicaments: diclofenac sodium (a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, or NSAID) and calcium hydroxide paste in treating chronic apical periodontitis, a long-term infection at the tip of a tooth root.

Participants will be randomly divided into three groups. Researchers will test samples from root canals (the space inside the tooth root) before and after applying the medicament to see how well each one kills bacteria.

• Study Length: Your dentist will inform you of the number of visits needed.
• Eligibility: Adults with teeth that can be fixed and have a PAI score of 2 or more can join. PAI, or Periapical Index, shows the severity of infection.
• Exclusions: People with certain health issues, allergies to diclofenac sodium, or teeth that are too damaged can't participate.

This study helps to find out if diclofenac sodium can work as well as calcium hydroxide for dental treatments.